I’d recommend 4x5 and larger if you’re going to do it. Every degree of. Experi-Adams Retouching Machine-2 Fisher Price toys Hallmark ornaments Christmas Ornaments and decorations HOUSEHOLD ITEMS: Dance Costumes Matching chest of drawers, dresser with mirror and end table Maytag washer and dryer Two sets of dining room tables and chairs, one with matching hutch. • Adams Retouching Machine s#08948 • Early Steamer Trunks • Brandt Automatic Cashier Change Machine • WWII Radio Transformer • Early Baby Buggy Carriage • Home Comfort Wood Cook Stove St. Came with a variety of retouching fluids, that were in a steel drawer. There is the use of soft lead pencil, liquid water soluable opaque solution, and dye. Adams Retouching Machine-2 Fisher Price toys Hallmark ornaments Christmas Ornaments and decorations HOUSEHOLD ITEMS: Dance Costumes Matching chest of drawers, dresser with mirror and end table Maytag washer and dryer Two sets of dining room tables and chairs, one with matching hutch. I have been in a darkroom professionally for 45+ years. Something went wrong. 9-Jun-2012, 17:13. We have a few folks here who have them. A good old-school photographer, one raised on film, will always try to get the shot right "in-camera. Joined Jul 24, 2012 Messages 2,750 Location UK. $25,000. US2740345A US293095A US29309552A US2740345A US 2740345 A US2740345 A US 2740345A US 293095 A US293095 A US 293095A US 29309552 A US29309552 A US 29309552A US 2740345 A US2740345 A US 2740345A Authority US United States Prior art keywords plate panel frame vibratory opening Prior art date 1952-06-12 Legal status. Ketchum Virtually New Portable Air Conditioner. Most of them have a set of double magnifying glasses to view the negatives. com Thanks Bill There is an old thread awhile back that touches on the Adams machine. Very"Adams" retouching machines come up for sale on ebay from time to time. Found this in an old folder, unedited. What got me thinking back on airbrushing was an article from the Daily Mail about another photo retouching device (I have not heard of) called the Adams Retouching Machine. Discussion. I just can't get it right. Meca 650-06-1F4 Coaxial Attenuator DC-4GHz 6dB 50W. Payment. . He never responded but he did put it back on sale at a starting price of $10. 1M subscribers in the Instagramreality community. 00. ATOSA ICE MACHINE YR140-AP-161. BMbikerider. Typically one wanted the face to be at least the size of tha dime in the old Kitty West retrouching classes. . Penn Captiva CV 4000. " In contrast, young bucks raised on digital are more willing to rattle off an imperfect burst, pick the most passable shot and then spend. you name it, I bought it. Share. 4 days Left Vintage Victoria Japanese TSM Toy Sewing Machine. All to be sold in one lot. Purchased new 1978. Cleveland Shipping Containers - Storage Container - Cargo Container - Tool Shop. Edition of The Orlando. While this machine wasn’t used for the Joan Crawford photo — the Adams machine was patented in 1947 and the Crawford photo was retouched in the 1930s — the Adams machine was used extensively by retouchers. Like Mainecoonmaniac I retouch pinholes and spot prints. <p>Hi LF forum:<br> I am new to lf, and would like some suggestions as to what would be a good stater kit without spending thousands of pounds. Photoshop, 1940's-Style: The Adams Retouching Machine. I'm not surprised. 25-Sep-2008, 05:56. When I made a contact print, the scratch is very noticeable. Also, since the vast majority of prints were also 8x10 they were production contact printed. I second the Optivisor. Wickliffe. It was an early negative retouching machine. Greg Lockrey. Expert news, reviews and videos of the latest digital cameras, lenses, accessories, and phones. There is also Arthur Hammond The Art of Retouching & Improving Negatives & Prints , which I also have but not as yet read. Vintage Hermes with Parts $250. Flickr photos, groups, and tags related to the "srt-101" Flickr tag. on mine, even with 'stroke intensity' turned to full, the vibratory effect seems very minimal. Adams Retouching Machine Photography Negative Film Photo Editing Tool Rare WORKS. It was very still and a gentle fog rested on the fields and harbours. It will work today, no matter what film technology is used, and was considered an essential tool for retouching. Many Antique and Vintage Cameras, Photo Processing Equipment, Studio Lighting and Back Drops, Vintage Frames a. if it's emulsion, I'd probably adopt a hybrid approach. 1931. Ryan M. I hope to attend a class of hers someday. This Adams Retouching Machine Helped Old School ‘Photoshoppers’ Touch Up Negatives by Hand. This book is directed to the Photographer, the Assistant, and the Editor. Cleveland 13 x 13 floor tiles. El fotógrafo Ansel Adams, a cuyas técnicas de laboratorio fotográfico químico le deben mucho los actuales programas de tratamiento digital de imágenes, patentó en 1947 la Adams Retouching Machine. Please see the contact above to schedule an inspection. Transcribed by Jeff FenskeAdams Retouching Machine/izvor: Modelmayhem. $10. Share More sharing options. There may still be some work to do, but often that will kill a lot of the scratches really nicely. com. $499. $100. PM or e-mail me for photos if interested. . Is there a tuturial anyway or can anyone tell me how to do this? THANKS!!CrystalExpert news, reviews and videos of the latest digital cameras, lenses, accessories, and phones. Adams Retouch Machine. Page Number. Check completed auctions for Adams machines--usually under $50, though they go for around $700 new. GEORGE C. What got me thinking back on airbrushing was an article from the Daily Mail about another photo retouching device (I have not heard of) called the Adams Retouching Machine. Ah I made mint for a few years during the transition too, $400/hour easy. It took a few days to get the pictures back. . We all can learn from each other and make our photographs be the best they can be. Tri Tran, Hugo Zhang and myself invite you!! Fellow photographers, friends and guests, Join us on Sunday November 1, 2015. TC Metro Ring Video Doorbell 3 - Doorbell Security Camera. 10mm "Rotring" pen to "pen in" the dust on the neg so that it. $499. Find great deals and sell your items for free. Inspection times are Monday - Friday 2:00 - 4:00 p. Bidders may inspect the property prior to bidding. Adams Retouching Machine-2 Fisher Price toys Hallmark ornaments Christmas Ornaments and decorations HOUSEHOLD ITEMS: Dance Costumes Matching chest of drawers, dresser with mirror and end table Maytag washer and dryer Two sets of dining room tables and chairs, one with matching hutch. Advanced Search; Forum; LF ForumsDarkroom Enlargers & Lenses: Beseler V35 Enlargers (9) with 50mm lenses and full frame 35mm negative carriers; 75mm lenses and 2 14” negative carriers for V35 (2); Beseler 4 x 5 enlargers (2)each with 50mm, 75mm &135 mm lenses & negative carriers for 35mm, 2 ¼” x 2 ¼” and 4” x 5” film; 75mm lenses and 2 14” negative carriers for 4 x 5 enlarger ( 2);. The. $1,950. F. It will be comprehensive with video demonstrations of my. By Rain Noe - December 16, 2014. New Holland Pa. Adams retouching machine Thanks David, How vigourously does the negative holder area vibrate?. Adam's Retouching Machine (pictured) was invented by Colorado-based Harry Adams. . Hi, my name is Katherine Gillis and I have over 20 years experience as a traditional retoucher, spotting and retouching color and B&W prints and negatives. 1940s Photoshop: The Adams Retouching Machine. The device went into production, and was apparently successful; according to PetaPixel, "the Adams machine was used extensively by retouchers" following its launch in the '40s. Anyone with experience to share about basic Touchups? I have heard about using a Pencil but not any specifics. By: Search Advanced search…Read Santa Ana Orange County Register Newspaper Archives, May 8, 1994, p. I . Ketchum FEDERAL HIMALAYA SUV 255/55R18 109T XL TIRES. Denon Surround Receiver. Read Traverse City Record Eagle Newspaper Archives, Jul 27, 2019, p. This is an original photographic retouching device invented by Harry Adams in the late 1940s. A delivery from the photo lab dropped off and picked up the work from my home. It's called the Adams Retouching Machine, and was created to aid negative retouchers in doing manual edits more quickly and cleanly. Jump to content. January 27, 2015 at 4:22 pm. Anyways - in my haste to see the fruits of my labour I. Get this The Odessa American page for free from Monday, April 9, 1979 'aifiW ay i. Share More sharing options. $59. It was manu. many, hours of my life retouching large-format prints on an Adams. I've. I bought one on ebay last year for about $50. 24-Nov-2003, 19:54. and you know how pimply high school seniors are! I seem to spend sooooo much time retouching. " In contrast, young bucks raised on digital are more willing to rattle off an imperfect burst, pick the most passable shot and then spend hours retouching the errors on a computer. Filter. org too. All Activity; Home ; Forums ; Practice & Technique Discussion ; The Wet Darkroom: Film, Paper & Chemistry ; Black & White Practice ; Tri-X 320TXP or 400TXAdams Retouching Machine Co. House is full!Good useable itemsVintage Collectables Gold and other valuable jewelry only on site during sale. Before negative retouching becomes a lost art: Can anyone point me in the direction of a source for learning how to retouch LF B+W negatives? Books, web pages, workshops, whatever -- but no snide Photoshop remarks, please. However, you'll probably find it easier to retouch medium format (or smaller!) negatives using the Adams machine. I am competing for a contract in which my incumbant is integral with the contact printing of Aerial negs. $499. Video. The last book is also a good intro to the Adams Retouching Machine which can be useful for exhibition-quality prints. Hawthorne NEW Heavy-Duty Rhino 36-Gallon Portable RV Tote Tank. ) The Adams machine also lights the negative from below and has a rotatable cradle and handrest so that you can work comfortably on the negative without touching it with your hand, and you can set it to vibrate if you want to do pencil retouching. We all can learn from each other and make our photographs be the best they can be. Pmball machine, Solar City. 5109. $35. 960 votes, 33 comments. Recently on ebay a pro pak that expired in 2006 went for about 29USD. good condition. Model# NEC FL15AD/70. Followers 0. To use it, the negative was secured in place over the light, a power switch was. I recently bought an Adams retouching machine and have used it in retouching some of my negatives. 1413 (4) Duraflame Logs. Find accurate info on the best photographic equipment stores in Denver. RELATED: History In Color These examples bust the myth. This book will help guide the reader through the digital process using Photoshop CS6 in the art of Retouching and Restoration. (BTW - nice late model adams retouching machines have been offered for silly low prices on ebay as of late - might be worth getting one and giving it a try). Dec 16, 2014 - A good old-school photographer, one raised on film, will always try to get the shot right "in-camera. Amount: $ 250. Un trasto para retocar negativos usando un método que no difiere tanto de lo que hoy hacemos con Photoshop. Old Photos & Negatives Vintage Picture Photo - $35 (Laconia) Lot of Old Photos & Negatives Vintage Picture and Photographs. New listings: VuPoint Model FS-C1-VP 35mm Film Negatives & Slides Digital Converter $30, Digitize / Convert your 35 mm film slides and negatives $19Vintage photography Adams retouching machine film camera photo editing. US2498168A US782265A US78226547A US2498168A US 2498168 A US2498168 A US 2498168A US 782265 A US782265 A US 782265A US 78226547 A US78226547 A US 78226547A US 2498168 A US2498168 A US 2498168A Authority US United States Prior art keywords diaphragm negative base retouching shield Prior art date 1947-10-27 Legal. Today is last day of an offer to upgrade to CS from elements for $300. Thanks, ArnieA good old-school photographer, one raised on film, will always try to get the shot right "in-camera. GRAND RIVER. Bill Burk. I just picked up a copy of Kingslake's "Lenses in Photography" for fairly cheap on Amazon. Sony HVR-HD1000N Video/Audio Camcorder and Sony VCT-1170RM Tripod330180 Adams Retouching Machine Co. Amount: $ 95. I've tried it a couple times and ended up ruining the negative. (And interestingly enough, the Colorado-based Adams Retouching Machine Co. Camping, Hunting, Fishing, Cars, Animals, Military, and Family history. in Photography. $499. It’s called the Adams Retouching Machine, and was created to aid negative retouchers in doing manual edits more quickly and cleanly. I still have one. How many of you have seen or used an Adams Retouching Machine? It's essentially a tilted light table. Vintage commercial snow cone machine. $70. Adams Retouching Machine. . I'm also liking it 50/50 and 90/10 from the top - although the latter a different application. An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Adams Retouching Machine Photography Negative Film Photo Editing Tool Rare WORKS. Have had one since recommended to me while in school in the 1960's. (American, active 1940s-1960s) 308544 Adams, R. Walter is the Father of four children; Catherine (Kate) Crawford, her twin Christine (died at birth), Walter Frederick Buerger, Jr. you can do alt process prints with the actual negative (no need to print off a digitally enlarged negative on transparency paper)Greetings - I've read every period technique book every which way, every thread on this forum, have both an Adams and Homer English machine, all manners of pointy leads, old-stock Spotone, Ansco coccine on the way, old-stock retouching medium, and some old 8x10 negatives for practice, and. Kodak is "retiring" (as they are calling it) Tri-X 320 in the 120 and the 220 size. General NON-Automotive Conversation - Old Time Photography - Anyone ever had or still have a darkroom? And do you still use a film camera? I used to have a darkroom back in the early 70's. $100. Camping, Hunting, Fishing, Cars, Animals, Military, and Family history. I now have retired and I am selling off some of my studio and darkroom equipment. Breetofly • 3 yr. By Rain Noe - December 16, 2014. Expert news, reviews and videos of the latest digital cameras, lenses, accessories, and phones. And that got me thinking about some of the great airbrush artists, the one I most remember is Charlie White III (I've included a link to an example of his work below). Cleveland Orange Traffic Cones. Keep in mind that the look of Karsh & Hurrell's work was largely due not to the lens, but the lighting, chosen plane of focus, the film's color sensitivity, a lot of *makeup work for Hurrell's subjects in particular and for both photographers, expert on-negative retouching, and manipulative printing. " In contrast, young bucks raised on. A full line of retouching products, my very own brand new 450 dollar Adams Retouching Machine (50 dollars down and 50 per month), a case of Lacquer Matt retouching sprays. 330180 Adams Retouching Machine Co. you name it, I bought it. We had a team of 42 senior portrait negative retouchers with Adams Retouching Machines. <br /> <br /> The Technikas have been made along time and are. Retouching was not my forte, for sure. I'm currently creating an online course on retouching and spotting B&W prints. All Activity; Home ; Forums ; Practice & Technique Discussion ; The Wet Darkroom: Film, Paper & Chemistry ; Black & White Practice ; penciling in some densityI was recently acquired this item along with some vintage/antique camera accessories. Adams Photo negative retouching machine. $15. T</p>Ansel Adams was – and remains famous even after his passing – for his outstanding landscapes. Find Film Negatives . <br> For the longest time I have been intrigued by the headshots of major film stars from the 30's and 40's regarding how they were manipulated. It was the post-processing of his images that made them more dynamic and eye-catching. I've emailed Interlight. The reason one used a 4x5 for portraits long ago was that one just had a bigger negative to retouch on the Adams Retouching machine; ie the HEAD was larger on the negative. New listings: VuPoint Model FS-C1-VP 35mm Film Negatives & Slides Digital Converter $30, Digitize / Convert your 35 mm film slides and negatives $19darkroom paper safes 4x5 enlarger noritsu machine durst 1840 enlarger Film Processing Equipment for sale from eBay, Craigslist, Letgo, OfferUp, Amazon,. Jim C. Before there was Photoshop - Page 2. $499. Then every bozo Art Director got a copy of Photoshop and the market collapsed to basic freelance fees. He also told me that Plus-X may be gone in the future. When printing, these scratched areas appeared as dark spots. 95. (American, active 1850s-1860s) 1987 Adams, Robert (American, born 1937) 357315 Adams, Robert (American, active 1940s) 418466 Adams, Robert (American, born ca. There seems to be a couple of neat things in CS vs. Edition of The Odessa. (C. Old Photos & Negatives Vintage Picture Photo - $35 (Laconia) Lot of Old Photos & Negatives Vintage Picture and Photographs. 5-4. " In contrast, young bucks raised on digital are more willing to rattle off an imperfect burst, pick the most passable shot and then spend. I use an Adams Retouching Machine ( a new one- yes they still make them) but it is not necessary. Parma 1 Yellow Smiley Face Ceramic Planter. Parma **8 Smiley Face Ceramic Mug Soup Cup Planter Pot Happy Teleflora** $0. 656,938 8 Claims. Cleveland 1997 C-7500 KODIAK ROLLBACK TOW TRUCK. The sale is heating up, very likely some buyers. Category. Fred L. By Rain Noe - December 16, 2014. 99. If it's a base scratch, I'd just use nose grease and make prints. Adams Retouching Machine Co In was mentioned in the OSHA report. Photo retouching has been around since the glass plate negatives era in the 19th century. The time has come once again. $325. Re: Which old photo books do you like? Kingslake's Lenses in Photography was the first book I bought on photography 62 years ago. Verofrag's Digital looks good? Share Digital online. . <br> I suspect there are other advantages. I tried that, but it just scratched off the complete emulsion and made it pure wight. I've ordered 3 from interlight. We all can learn from each other and make our photographs be the best they can be. This book will help guide the reader through the digital process using Photoshop CS 6 in the art of Retouching and Restoration. enhancement artist, and worked my way up as a professional negative retouching . I have one for sale that is mint along with a lot of the dyes used for it. Adams Retouching Machine 2 Large Multi-Drawer Wood Cabinets Antique Portrait Photos & Photo Albums Beseler CB7 Enlarger w/ Filters Photo Developing Equipment & Books Leitz Valoy II Enlarger, Filters, Paper Cutter Color Photo Enlarger Beakers, Film Developing Tanks, Universal TimerSale Dates and Times SALE IS COMPLETED; Thursday Dec 11, 2014 Completed Friday Dec 12, 2014 Completed Saturday Dec 13, 2014 CompletedAdam’s Apple Moment. The other two were Verna Madigan from Wisconsin, a prominent studio retouching artist, and Velia Reed, one of Kodak’s in-facility retouching experts in Rochester, New York. Adams Retouching Machine Photography Negative Film Photo Editing Tool Rare WORKS. Find great deals and sell your items for free. $1,950. Buy and sell used slot machines with local pick-up or shipped across the country. However the defect on the emulsion will show up as a distracting black. Vintage Photography Equipment & More Items sold online only. We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Adams Photo Negative Film Retouching Machine 1940's Tested And Working at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products! The Adam's Retouching Machine (pictured) was invented and patented by Colorado-based Harry LeRoy Adams in 1946. In thinking about how I might fix this, I recalled an old video I saw of Ansel Adams Printing in his darkroom, where I think he used an x-acto knife to scratch at the emulsion to make the area lighter. by Chuck Green at ideabook. The property owner's name is Dunkeld-broadway Company LLC. In your experience what is the best software for this. com Cameras · October 20, 2014 · · October 20, 2014 · Adams Retouching Machine. Thanks, danielmeadows says. Advanced SearchI bought the Adams Retouching Machine new in 1972 and used it only 2 or 3 times. Random Request From Stranger Turns Into Hilarious Photoshop Free-for-All. It has an 8X10 inch ground glass in a frame that can be adjusted with a locking slide on the side of the frame. 1416. Audio. Ships to you. Verofrag's Publication Color Smaller looks good? Share Publication Color Smaller online. $225. 00. Find Film Negatives in For Sale. 70 llBlcycies, Toys I Real Estate Rent Elites for Sale OSTllArticlss For Dogs, Cats, Pets I 59ljWearBH Apparel. We all can learn from each other and make our photographs be the best they can be. A good old-school photographer, one raised on film, will always try to get the shot right "in-camera. The vibrator works fine. . The negatives were often a tad thicker too; ie less curl to. Walter is the Father of four children; Catherine (Kate) Crawford, her twin Christine (died at birth), Walter Frederick Buerger, Jr. ) 1946-03-25 Filing date 1946-03-25 Publication date 1947-06-17 1946-03-25 Application filed by ADAMS RETOUCHING MACHINE COMPA. " In contrast, young bucks raised on digital are more willing to rattle off an imperfect burst, pick the most passable shot and then spend hours retouching the errors on a computer. Adams Retouching Machine-2 Fisher Price toys Hallmark ornaments Christmas Ornaments and decorations HOUSEHOLD ITEMS: Dance Costumes Matching chest of drawers, dresser with mirror and end table Maytag washer and dryer Two sets of dining room tables and chairs, one with matching hutch. We all can learn from each other and make our photographs be the best they can be. They still make 8x10" film (I'd recommend Tri-X, FP4+, J&C Classic 400, or Efke 100 for the traditional look), pencils, fresnel spots, Azo (Hurell liked Azo--it's changed but it's still a great paper), and if you want the old lenses and an Adams retouching machine, they're out there to be had. Two names, including Drilex Oil & Gas Inc, Drilex Oil &. My wife thinks that it would be good to show people a before and an after version to make them appreciate the service more. 388 with family history and genealogy records from santa-ana, california 1927-2018. 99 0 bids 2d 5h 22m. biz,. 7-Jan-2015, 18:57. I hope these still teach this somewhere. I will experiment. . A full line of retouching products, my very own brand new 450 dollar Adams Retouching Machine (50 dollars down and 50 per month), a. 21 with family history and genealogy records from traverse-city, michigan 1897-2022. 1415. This was a long and grueling process because if you messed up once you had to use another photo. When I made a contact print, the scratch is very noticeable. I contacted the seller and asked to buy it. Get this The Orlando Sentinel page for free from {publishedDate} D-6 The Orlando Sentinel, Sunday, March 19, 2000 no Sentine DuilCP Classifieds)) eo (im aso IN PHINT. The Adams retouching machine may solve your problem. Ramblings on retouching portraits showing abuse signs. New listings: Adams Vintage Retouching Machine for film negatives. USA : Large OUTSTANDING Online Only Estate Auction, Something for Everyone!2002 GMC Safari XT Conversion Van, Mid-Century Modern Eames Furniture, Lawn-Boy Riding Mower, Antiques & Collectibles, Appliances, Ephemera, Costume Jewelry, Baldwin Piano, Oriental Area Rug, Original Artwork, Indian. This kit includes (2) lights, (2) cords, (2) reflectors, (2) Paul Buff Receivers, (1) Paul Buff Trigger, (1) Westcott Adapter for Switch Series, (1). Sep 16, 2023 VINTAGE JAPANESE SLOT MACHINE, C. You can use many different methods. twin falls for sale by owner "ketchum" - craigslistwhat were the alteration possibilities and techniques when photography was still film and print? there were any limits *back then* to discriminate when manipulated image was no longer a photograph? now that we live digital days are those tecniques still a border crossing which. CryptoExpert news, reviews and videos of the latest digital cameras, lenses, accessories, and phones. Richfield Bloomington HondaSkip to main content. Get answers to your questions in our photography forums. I am a professional photographer and I do lots of senior portraits. This book is directed to the Photographer, the Assistant, and the Editor. ago. Vintage 50s Korea War M-1951 Field Coat Jacket Men’s SZ S + Cold Liner + Hood. They are very easy to use, with any film that has the "tooth" incorporated into the base of the film. com Now. Joined Feb 9, 2010 Messages 8,618 Format 4x5 Format Oct 14, 2018When I do any shoot, paid or not, I always scrub up the faces of the people in the pictures. About nobody retouches with pencil and an Adams retouching machine anymore. Thanks in advance for your help. We did every manner of bot negative and positive retouching on our portrait work, airbrush work on restoration jobs and some commercial. Ask for free quotes!Photoshop, 1940's-Style: The Adams Retouching Machine A good old-school photographer, one raised on film, will always try to get the shot right "in-camera. Adams Retouching Machine. com. . WAKEBTW, if anyone wants to try this method, I have an old Adams Retouching Machine that I'll gladly sell! (You should have an electrician friend, as the wiring insulation is in rough condition. It has two wooden "feet" on. There are later negative retouching machines. $35A retoucher would work over a retouching machine that backlit the negative and vibrated so a pencil could be used to smooth out inconsistencies in the texture of the skin. Futaba control, Pro-tech charger, speed control, extras. I hope these still teach this somewhere. Berea 70’s Time Capsule *ESTATE SALE* $1. And that got me thinking about some of the great airbrush artists, the one I most remember is Charlie White III (I've included a link to an example of his work below). $499. She uses an Adams Retouching machine, basically a very small light box, in a big cabinet, that holds the negative, and that vibrates, to help blend the edges o f the spotting. $35Retouching negatives is a bit tricky. This book is directed to the Photographer, the Assistant, and the Editor. US522372A US522372DA US522372A US 522372 A US522372 A US 522372A US 522372D A US522372D A US 522372DA US 522372 A US522372 A US 522372A Authority US United States Prior art keywords negative arm magnet plate support Prior art date 1894-07-03 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion.